As you continue, thestudycorp.com<\/a> has the top and most qualified writers to help with any of your assignments. All you need to do is place an order <\/a>with us.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Aetiology<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Depletion of blood flow in a cerebral artery resulting from a thrombus or embolus. (1)<\/p>\n\n\n\n Pathogenesis<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Occlusion of cerebral artery production of ATP failure of energy pumps influx of sodium and calcium ions and efflux of potassium passive inflow of water cytotoxic oedema destruction of cells in infarct core.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Membrane depolarisation release of glutamate excessive calcium influx into neurons destruction of cells by lipolysis, proteolysis and free radicals.<\/p>\n\n\n\n infarct core and ischaemic penumbra<\/p>\n\n\n\n necrotic tissue not able to conduct impulses interrupting normal function such as motor and sensory transmission and speech.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Risk factors<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n \u00b7 Obesity<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u00b7 Smoking<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u00b7 Sedentary lifestyle<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u00b7 Age 1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u00b7 ageg<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Clinical features<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n \u00b7 Right-sided hemiplegia and weakness<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u00b7 Sensory loss on right side<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u00b7 Inability to see the right visual field of each eye<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u00b7 Aphasia<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u00b7 Apraxia<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u00b7 Dysarthria<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u00b7 Impaired reasoning<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u00b7 Behavioural changes<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u00b7 Problems with memory<\/p>\n\n\n\n Diagnosis<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n \u00b7 Complete history<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u00b7 Physical and neurological examination<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u00b7 Brain MRI or CT scan \u2013differentiate cerebral haemorrhage from ischaemic stroke<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u00b7 Other tests for vascular imaging \u2013 CT angiography, magnetic resonance angiography<\/p>\n\n\n\n Primary prevention<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n \u00b7 Don\u2019t smoke<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u00b7 Diet high in fruit and vegetables<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u00b7 Diet low in fats and salt<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u00b7 30 minutes of exercise daily<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u00b7 Limit alcohol<\/p>\n\n\n\n 1,7<\/p>\n\n\n\n Treatment<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Medical<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n \u00b7 Reperfusion Thrombolytic (tPA )<\/p>\n\n\n\n Nursing acute phase<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n \u00b7 Frequent evaluation of neurological status and vital signs<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u00b7 Oxygen saturations \u2013 administer oxygen if required<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u00b7 Screen for swallowing \u2013 manage hydration and nutrition<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u00b7 Manage activities of daily living<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u00b7 Address appropriate communication strategies<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u00b7 Prevent complications<\/p>\n\n\n\n Rehabilitation<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n \u00b7 Passive and active movement<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u00b7 Encourage activities provided by physiotherapists, speech and occupational therapists e.g. mobility, speech, ADL<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u00b7 Education-<\/p>\n\n\n\n Secondary prevention<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n \u00b7 Neuroprotection \u2013 e.g, aspirin<\/p>\n\n\n\n Course of disease<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n With reperfusion \u2013 blood restored to area, many symptoms gradually resolve<\/p>\n\n\n\n Without treatment \u2013 ischaemia extends to penumbra \u2013symptoms worsen. Recovery may continue 6 months to a year but left with disability. Requires rehabilitation to optimise function 8<\/p>\n\n\n\n As you continue, thestudycorp.com<\/a> has the top and most qualified writers to help with any of your assignments. All you need to do is place an order <\/a>with us.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Complications<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n \u00b7 Contractures<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u00b7 Incontinence<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u00b7 Falls<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u00b7 Mood disturbances<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u00b7 Dysarthria and aphasia<\/p>\n\n\n\n Death of brain tissue resulting from an occluded cerebral artery in the left side of the brain.. 6.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Prognosis<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n One in five likely to die within one month.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Of those who recover about 90% will experience some impairment. 9<\/p>\n\n\n\n causes<\/p>\n\n\n\n Atherosclerosis<\/p>\n\n\n\n Prevents formation of <\/p>\n\n\n\n 4,7<\/p>\n\n\n\n 6,7<\/p>\n\n\n\n 5<\/p>\n\n\n\n 1,2,4<\/p>\n\n\n\n 1,2,3<\/p>\n\n\n\n Leads to need for immediate<\/p>\n\n\n\n diagnoses<\/p>\n\n\n\n Diagnosed by<\/p>\n\n\n\n Results in<\/p>\n\n\n\nLeft Sided Heart Failure Concept Map<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Left Sided Heart Failure Concept Map<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
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